Lighting

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Lighting Terms (adapted from mediacollege.com)

 * **Ambient Light** || The light already present in a scene, before any additional lighting is added. ||
 * **Incident Light** || Light seen directly from a light source (lamp, sun, etc.) ||
 * **Reflected Light** || Light seen after having bounced off a surface. ||
 * **Color Temperature** || A standard of measuring the characteristics of light, measured in kelvins. ||
 * **Contrast Ratio** || The difference in brightness between the brightest white and the darkest black within an image. ||
 * **Key Light** || The main light on the subject, providing most of the illumination and contrast. ||
 * **Fill Light** || A light placed to the side of the subject to fill out shadows and balance the key light. ||
 * **Back Light** || A light placed at the rear of a subject to light from behind. ||
 * **Spot** || A controlled, narrowly-focused beam of light. ||
 * **Flood** || A broad beam of light, less directional and intense than a spot. ||
 * **Tungsten** || Light from an ordinary light bulb containing a thin coiled tungsten wire that becomes incandescent (emits light) when an electric current is passed along it. Tungsten colour temperature is around 2800K to 3400K. Also known as incandescent light. ||
 * **Halogen** || Type of lamp in which a tungsten filament is sealed in a clear capsule filled with a halogen gas. ||
 * **Fresnel** || A light which has a lens with raised circular ridges on its outer surface. The fresnel lens is used to focus the light beam. ||
 * **Incandescent** || Incandescent lamps produce heat by heating a wire filament until it glows. The glow is caused by the filament's resistance to the current and is called //incandescence//. ||